• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A device (2) adapted to being used for sampling in the context of measuring the content of the exhaust gases in an exhaust flow (4) in an exhaust line (6) from a combustion engine comprises a sensor (8) situated in a measuring chamber (10). The device (2) further comprises at least two gathering tubes (12) situated in the exhaust pipe (6) and provided with apertures (14) which face towards the exhaust flow (4) and are situated in a plane (C- C) which is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the exhaust flow (4). The gathering tubes (12) are adapted to diverting various parts of the exhaust flow to the measuring chamber (10) to make it possible for the sensor (8) to monitor a mean value representing for example the NOx content of the exhaust gases. With a representative mean value for the NOx content of the exhaust gases, an exhaust cleaning system based on SCR technology can be regulated with good accuracy.
    公开号:SE1250447A1
    申请号:SE1250447
    申请日:2012-05-04
    公开日:2013-11-05
    发明作者:Magnus Mackaldener
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of the independent claim. More specifically, the invention relates to a device intended primarily to improve the supply of the NOx content in the exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine in order to enable a more accurate control of an exhaust after-treatment system.
    Background of the invention An internal combustion engine burns an air and fuel mixture and generates exhaust gases which include nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and particles. NO is a collective name that is used for primarily nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). To reduce the emissions of harmful components, it is common to provide an exhaust after-treatment system in the exhaust line from the engine. In order to reduce the NOx content, it is common in diesel engines for the exhaust after-treatment system to include an SCR catalyst in combination with a system for injecting a reducing agent upstream of the SCR catalyst. The reducing agent reacts in the SCR catalyst with the nitrogen oxides and reduces the amounts of NOx released into the atmosphere. More specifically, the reducing agent is broken down to form ammonia (NH3) which in turn reacts with NO to form water and nitrogen gas (N2).
    To achieve the described NOx reduction, NH3 must be stored in the SCR catalyst. For the SCR catalyst to work efficiently, the storage level must be at an adequate level. In more detail, the NOx reduction, or conversion efficiency, depends on the storage level. In order to maintain a high conversion efficiency under different operating conditions, the NH3 layer must be maintained. However, as the temperature of the SCR catalyst decreases, the NH3 level must be reduced to avoid NH3 emissions (ie, excess NH3 is released from the SCR catalyst), which may reduce the conversion efficiency of the catalyst.
    The exhaust gas purification strategy thus had to take into account that enough NO is converted at the same time as one does not want to inject too much reducing agent, for the sake of both the core economy and the million.
    The exhaust gases from an SCR catalyst have different NOx concentrations across the cross-sectional area of the SCR catalyst due to the uneven distribution of reducing agent upstream of the SCR catalyst. This results in a skewed NOx concentration distribution in the exhaust gas stream downstream of the SCR catalyst in cases where the NOx content is fed dr. In order to reconnect and correctly control the amount of reducing agent added with respect to NOx concentration with a NOx sensor, it is required that it feeds the average value of the NOx content in the exhaust stream, which is black as the feeding often only takes place at one point in the exhaust stream.
    There are various general techniques for feeding contents into gases.
    DD-249096 discloses a device for feeding various gases, for example breathing air, which flow through a tube. According to this device, three mats have been arranged which have the same flow resistance and through which tubes of gas flow from different stables in the tube to a feeding chamber where the gases are mixed and where the feeding takes place. From there, the gas is returned to the pipe via an outlet pipe.
    DE-1931170U shows a feeding device with different lengths of mats in villa gas is led to a mixing housing which contains a filter which via a tube leads the gas to a sensor. The gas is then returned via an outlet pipe.
    EP-0658756 discloses a feeding device in which an aerosol is introduced via four channels to a feeding chamber.
    GB 2 135 462 shows how a pitotror is used to direct the exhaust gases to a sensor in an exhaust stream.
    US-6,843,104 discloses a solution in which a transverse chamber in the exhaust duct is provided with a number of inlets for the purpose of conducting exhaust gases from different radii and mixing before they are led to a sensor. The exhaust gases are then returned to the exhaust pipe.
    US 7,497,138 discloses a solution which is largely similar to the system of US-6,843,104.
    The object of the present invention is to provide an improved device for sampling the exhaust gases and which gives a value of measured content of a substance in the exhaust gases which substantially corresponds to an average value of the content of the substance in the exhaust gases. This enables an exhaust gas cleaning system to be regulated with better accuracy. Summary of the invention The above-mentioned objects are achieved with the invention defined by the independent patent claim. Preferred embodiments are defined by the dependent claims.
    According to a sampling device according to the present invention, exhaust gases are collected from several points across the cross section of the exhaust stream and these are mixed before being fed by a sensor. In this way, a more representative mean value of the gas component to be supplied is obtained, since the supply is based solely on the value from a single measuring point.
    The device according to the present invention is in particular adapted to be used in connection with the feeding of the NOx content in exhaust gases from internal combustion engines. The device comprises at least two collecting tubes, advantageously designed as pitotros, with openings directed towards the exhaust flow, adapted to be arranged in connection with an exhaust line for diverting a part of the exhaust flow to a NOx sensor. Said collecting tubes are arranged in the same plane perpendicular to the main flow direction of the exhaust stream, and said openings are preferably uniformly distributed in said plane, at a predetermined distance along a radius from the longitudinal center axis of the exhaust line.
    According to one embodiment, a toroidal mixing chamber is arranged so as to enclose the exhaust line with the flowing exhaust gases. An advantage of such a mixing chamber is that it does not require much space and that the distance from the various feed points to the mixing chamber is minimal as the collecting pipes can go radially out to the mantle surface of the exhaust line. This gives less length conduction in the exhaust stream and damned lower flow resistance.
    According to one embodiment, the so-called venturi effect is used to return the gas from the feed chamber to the exhaust line. This effect is achieved by providing the exhaust line with a displacement adjacent to the position for the return of the exhaust gases. Thanks to this, a better flow and armed Nitre mixture of the derived gas was achieved.
    Additional features and advantages will be apparent from the accompanying description which exemplifies a number of different embodiments of the invention.
    Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of an exhaust pipe where the device according to a first embodiment of the invention is arranged, and Figs. 2-5 show schematic cross-sectional views along the line BB in Fig. 1 of the first, a second and a third, respectively. a fourth embodiment of the invention.
    Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments of the Invention The figures show the same or similar parts with the same male reference numerals.
    Figures 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 shows a cross-section A-A according to figure 2 and figure 2 shows a cross-section B-B according to figure 1.
    Figures 1 and 2 show a device 2 for sampling and adapted to be used in connection with feeding the contents of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas stream 4. According to one embodiment, the sensor is adapted to mine the NOR content of the exhaust gases. Exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, for example a diesel engine, are led in an exhaust line, exemplified by an exhaust pipe 6, at which the device 2 is arranged. The species order 2 comprises a sensor 8 arranged in a food chamber 10.
    The device 2 further comprises two collecting pipes 12 where each collecting pipe 12 is partly arranged in the exhaust pipe 6 and at least comprises an opening 14 directed towards the exhaust river 4. In figure 1 the exhaust river 4 is shown in the form of arrows. The openings 14 are preferably of the same size and are arranged in a plane C-C which is substantially perpendicular to a main flow direction of the exhaust stream 4. Preferably, the openings 14 are uniformly distributed in said plane C-C. The collecting tanks 12 are adapted to divert a part of the exhaust gas flow 4 to said food chamber 10 where the sensor 8 feeds the content, for example of NOR, in the exhaust gases discharged to the food chamber 10. The sensor 8 is connected to and enters an exhaust gas purification system based on SCR technology ( not shown) where the measured values from the sensor 8 are used, among other things, for dosing reducing agents.
    The fact that the openings 14 are uniformly distributed in a plane CC perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gases means, according to a number of different embodiments, that the openings 14 are evenly distributed on at least one circle 16 perpendicular to the flow direction 4 and where the center of the circle 16 coincides with a longitudinal center axis 18. the exhaust pipe 6. See, for example, the embodiments shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5.
    The first embodiment shown in Figure 2 relates to a device comprising two similar collecting tubes 12.
    The alternative embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 4 differ in relation to that shown in Figure 2 only in terms of the number of collecting tubes 12. The embodiment shown in Figure 3 thus relates to a device 2 comprising three collecting tubes 12 and that shown in Figure 4. a device comprising four collecting tubes 12. The essential thing is that there are at least two collecting tubes 12, the more the better the food accuracy but at the same time the more complex the solution. There are only four collecting tubes 12 involved. However, if even better accuracy is desired, the collecting tubes 12 can be designed in the stable according to what is described below with reference to Figure 5.
    The opening 14 for each of these collecting pipes 12 is located a predetermined distance from the center axis 18 of the exhaust pipe 6. In the figures, the part a1 / stand is in the order of half the radius of the pipe 6. Likewise, the openings 14 are circumferentially uniformly distributed.
    Figure 5 shows an embodiment where each collecting tube 12 is provided with two openings 14, which are located along a radius of the collecting tube 12. The illustrated embodiment comprises four collecting tubes 12. Some details, for example the food chamber with the sensor, are not shown in Figure 5. According to further embodiments are also in this case the openings 14 uniformly distributed by being coated at a predetermined distance along a radius from a longitudinal center axis 18 of the exhaust pipe 6, and also uniformly distributed in circumferential direction.
    According to the embodiment shown in Figures 1-4, the device 2 comprises a mixing chamber 20, the collecting tubes 12 being adapted to feed the diverted exhaust gas flow 4 to the feed chamber 10 via the mixing chamber 20. The mixing chamber 20 is annular in a cross section of the exhaust pipe 6 and is adapted to enclose the exhaust pipe 6.
    Exhaust gases from the respective openings 14 are led on this juice to mixing chambers 20 which are common to all collecting pipes, and in which exhaust gases with different contents of NOx will be mixed. This mixture of exhaust gases with different concentrations of NOx will, after mixing, be sensed by the sensor 8, which thereby senses a representative mean value of the NOx content in the exhaust gases in the exhaust line 6, and which is based on different levels of NOx in different parts of the exhaust line.
    The collecting pipe 12 in the exhaust pipe 6 has a substantially radial extension relative to the exhaust pipe 6 and has substantially the same length. As a result, the flow from the respective collecting tubes 12 will reach the mixing chamber 20 at approximately the same time, which is advantageous for achieving a correct food value.
    As can be seen from Figure 1, the collecting pipe 12 is inserted into the exhaust pipe partly with a radial part which via a 90-degree bend over & in an axial direction, where the radially outer part is connected to the mixing chamber 20 and where the radially inner, axial part ends with a opening 14 directed towards the exhaust stream.
    The exhaust gases discharged via the collecting pipe 12 to the mixing chamber 20 and further to the food chamber 10 must then be returned to the exhaust pipe 6. This is done by at least one return pipe 24 adapted / adapted to return exhaust gases from the feed chamber 10 to the exhaust pipe 4. In Figure 1 the return pipe is formed by a connection the feed chamber 10 and is provided only by an opening 24 through the cradle of the exhaust pipe 6. The return pipe / opening 22 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 6 in a position downstream of the collecting pipes 12 and the openings 14, respectively.
    Advantageously, the exhaust pipe 6 is provided with a displacement 22 in connection with the position where the exhaust gases are returned from the feed chamber 10. Lampingly, the displacement 22 can be constituted by a bulge of the exhaust pipe 6 at the opening 24 through which the exhaust gases are returned. The purpose of displacement 22 is to utilize the said. called the "venturi effect" which meant that at the displacement 22 of the exhaust pipe 6 the pressure will be lower than upstream of the displacement 22 which thereby produces a suction effect which contributes to a miter flow of the exhaust gases past the sensor 8. The displacement 22 need not be coated at the opening 24 where the exhaust gases but may, for example, be coated somewhere along the inner surface of the exhaust gas 6 in a cross section where the opening 24 is coated.
    In applications of the invention for a diesel engine for a heavier vehicle such as a truck, a typical gauge of the exhaust pipe diameter is of the order of 120-130 mm, for example 127 mm. The collecting pipes 12 should have as small dimensions as possible to influence the exhaust flow 4 from the engine as little as possible. For example, the collecting tubes 12 have a diameter in the range 2-10 mm. The openings 14 on the collecting pipes 12 are preferably the same size.
    The collecting tubes 12 have the same inner diameter along substantially their entire extent, and are in connection with the openings 14 designed similar to pitot tubes. This means that the outer diameter of the collecting pipes 12 in the circumference around the openings 14 is tapered and clammed conically so that the exhaust gases which do not start in the openings 14 can flow past in a flow-technically favorable manner.
    The collecting pipe 12 can suitably be placed along the exhaust pipe 6 in a position where the temperature of the exhaust gases is in the range 150-450 degrees C. Within the scope of the inventive idea, it is also possible to exclude the mixing chamber 20 and direct the exhaust gases from the collecting pipe 12 directly to the feed chamber 10. Combination with the displacement 24 described above gives a good flow past the sensor 8 and thus gives a good food result.
    The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Various alternatives, modifications and equivalents can be used.
    The invention has been described in an example where the device is incorporated into an SCR system for exhaust gas purification and where the fed content of NOx is used as a parameter for regulating the content of injection of reducing agent. An example of such a reducing agent is a liquid aqueous solution of urea, commercially available as AdBlue®. This liquid is a non-toxic urea solution used to chemically reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, especially for heavy duty diesel vehicles.
    The alternative may in alternative embodiments for alternative purposes in the exhaust line be arranged before or after an SCR catalyst, and in the exhaust line none may. an additional 25 components both before and after the device.
    The device can in other applications be used to mine other constituents than NOx in an exhaust stream from an internal combustion engine. The sensor also does not have to be a NOx sensor that directly senses the concentration of NOx, but can be a flag other type of sensor that can indirectly sense the concentration of NOx. It can, for example, also be a sensor that senses the concentration of NO or NO2. It is also possible that the sensor is intended to measure the content of the hydrocarbons (HC) in the exhaust gases. used in exhaust pipes exemplified by an exhaust pipe,
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    Device adapted for sampling exhaust gases and to be used in connection with feeding the contents of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas stream (4) from an internal combustion engine, the device (2) being arranged in connection with an exhaust gas line (6) and comprising a sensor (8 ) arranged in a food chamber (10), characterized in that the device (2) further comprises at least two collecting pipes (12) where each collecting pipe (12) is at least partially arranged in the exhaust line (6) and comprises at least one opening (14) directed towards the exhaust river (4), and that said openings (14) are arranged in a plane (CC) which is substantially perpendicular to a main flow direction of the exhaust stream (4), said collecting tubes (12) being adapted to divert a part of the exhaust stream (4) to said food chamber (10) and to the sensor (8) arranged therein.
    [2]
    The device of claim 1, wherein said apertures (14) are uniformly distributed in said plane (C-C).
    [3]
    The device according to claim 2, wherein the openings (14) are uniformly distributed by being evenly distributed on at least one circle (16) perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust stream and where the center of the circle (16) coincides with a longitudinal center axis (18) of the exhaust line (6). ).
    [4]
    The device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the openings (14) are uniformly distributed by being coated on a predetermined al / stand tangent a radius from a longitudinal center axis (18) of the exhaust line (6).
    [5]
    The device according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the device comprises two, three or four similar collecting tubes (12).
    [6]
    The device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the device comprises a mixing chamber (20), and that said collecting pipes (12) are adapted to feed the diverted exhaust river (4) to said feed chamber (10) via said mixing chamber (20). . 11
    [7]
    The device according to claim 6, wherein said mixing chamber (20) is annular and is adapted to enclose said exhaust line (6).
    [8]
    The device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the respective collecting tubes (12) from a radially outer spirit extend radially towards a radially inner spirit which is angled and extends in the direction of the exhaust gas flow (4).
    [9]
    The device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the device comprises at least one return pipe (22) adapted to transport exhaust gases from said feed chamber (10) to the exhaust line (4) in a position below the openings (12) of the collection pipe (12).
    [10]
    The device according to claim 9, wherein the exhaust line (6) is provided with a displacement (24) in connection with the position where the exhaust gases are returned to the exhaust line (6).
    [11]
    The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said sensor (8) is adapted to feed the NOx content of the exhaust gases. 1/1 (((
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    同族专利:
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    SE538332C2|2016-05-17|
    EP2893165A1|2015-07-15|
    RU2578922C1|2016-03-27|
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    CN104271913A|2015-01-07|
    WO2013165296A1|2013-11-07|
    US20150122002A1|2015-05-07|
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    法律状态:
    2018-01-02| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1250447A|SE538332C2|2012-05-04|2012-05-04|Device for measuring exhaust gas content|SE1250447A| SE538332C2|2012-05-04|2012-05-04|Device for measuring exhaust gas content|
    PCT/SE2013/050376| WO2013165296A1|2012-05-04|2013-04-08|Apparatus for measuring of contents in exhaust gases|
    RU2014148793/06A| RU2578922C1|2012-05-04|2013-04-08|Device for measurement of content of exhaust gases|
    EP13785062.4A| EP2893165A4|2012-05-04|2013-04-08|Apparatus for measuring of contents in exhaust gases|
    CN201380023530.1A| CN104271913A|2012-05-04|2013-04-08|Apparatus for measuring of contents in exhaust gases|
    KR20147033946A| KR20150015494A|2012-05-04|2013-04-08|Apparatus for measuring of contents in exhaust gases|
    US14/397,765| US20150122002A1|2012-05-04|2013-04-08|Apparatus for measuring of contents in exhaust gases|
    BR112014026382A| BR112014026382A2|2012-05-04|2013-04-08|apparatus for measuring exhaust gas contents|
    IN8914DEN2014| IN2014DN08914A|2012-05-04|2014-10-24|
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